1. When is Spine Surgery Needed?
   
   
   • Failed Conservative Treatment: Most back pain improves with nonsurgical approaches, such as rest, physical therapy, medications, and lifestyle modifications. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, surgery may be considered.
   • Specific Conditions: Spine surgery is recommended for various conditions, including:
     • Herniated Disc: When a spinal disc presses on nerves, causing pain, weakness, or numbness.
     • Spinal Stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal, leading to nerve compression.
     • Degenerative Disc Disease: Severe disc wear and tear causing pain and instability.
     • Scoliosis: Abnormal curvature of the spine.
     • Spinal Fractures: Trauma-related fractures or vertebral collapse.
     • Spinal Tumours: Removal of tumours affecting the spine.
     • Instability: When spinal segments are unstable due to injury or degeneration.


2. Role of Orthopaedic Doctors:
   
   
   • Diagnosis: Orthopaedic spine specialists use various diagnostic tools (X-rays, CT scans, MRI) to assess the spine’s condition. They identify the root cause of pain and dysfunction.
   • Treatment Planning: Based on the diagnosis, orthopaedic surgeons develop personalised treatment plans. These plans may include:
     • Pain Management: Addressing acute or chronic pain through medications, injections, or nerve blocks.
     • Physical Therapy: Strengthening muscles, improving flexibility, and enhancing spinal stability.
     • Bracing: Supporting the spine during healing or managing deformities.
     • Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: Orthopaedic surgeons perform procedures like:
       • Diskectomy: Removing damaged parts of a spinal disc.
       • Laminectomy: Creating more space for the spinal cord and nerves.
       • Spinal Fusion: Connecting vertebrae to stabilise the spine.
     • Collaboration: Working closely with other specialists (neurosurgeons, pain management experts) to provide comprehensive care.

Spine surgery is rarely the first option. We prioritise conservative treatments whenever possible. If you’re experiencing spine-related issues, please consult with us to explore the best approach for your unique case.